{"id":246,"date":"2022-07-04T08:00:14","date_gmt":"2022-07-04T08:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/?p=246"},"modified":"2025-01-08T10:54:13","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:54:13","slug":"magnetic-terms-glossary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/magnetic-terms-glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Magnetic Terms Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Air gap<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

An \u2018air gap\u2019 is a non-magnetic material, which is present\nbetween a magnet and an attracted object or between two magnets that are\nattracting each other creating a break in the magnetic circuit, which magnetism\nhas to jump through to continue a circuit between the north and south poles. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The introduction of an air gap weakens the magnetic hold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anisotropic<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A magnet is described as anisotropic if all of its magnetic\ndomains are aligned in the same direction, this is achieved during the\nmanufacturing process and ensures that the domains are 100% orientated in the\nsame direction to deliver maximum magnetic output. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Axially magnetised<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The term axially magnetised describes a magnet that is magnetised between two flat parallel surfaces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B-H curve (magnetic flux density-magnetic field curve)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sometimes referred to as the \u2018magnetisation curve\u2019 or \u2018demagnetisation curve\u2019, the B-H curve is a graphical representation showing the relationship between \u2018magnetic flux density (B) and the \u2018magnetic field strength\u2019 (H) required to demagnetise a specific magnet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Closed circuit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A closed magnetic circuit describes an arrangement of\nmagnetic and ferrous material which directly connects the north pole of a\nmagnet to the south. In a closed-circuit the lines of magnetic flux are allowed\nto flow freely from north to south and all of the magnetic flux density is\nretained within the closed circuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coercivity<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The coercivity of a magnetic field is the intensity, or\nenergy, required to reduce the magnetisation of a magnetised (to the point of\nsaturation) object to zero. Essentially, it measures a magnetic material\u2019s\nresistance to demagnetisation. The coercivity of magnetic material is measured\nin Oersteds (Oe) \u2013 the higher the number, the greater the magnet\u2019s resistance\nto demagnetisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Curie temperature<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The properties of all magnetic materials change when they are heated to a particular temperature. The Curie temperature (Tc), or Curie point, is the temperature at which the atomic structure of magnetic material is changed and the object becomes demagnetised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Demagnetisation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Demagnetisation occurs when a magnet loses its external\nmagnetic field when in open circuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Density<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Density is a measurement of a materials mass per unit of\nvolume.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diamagnetic<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diamagnetism is a kind of magnetism that aligns itself at\nright-angles to the direction of an objects magnetic field and therefore has a\nrepellent force.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diametrically magnetised magnets<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cylindrical magnets are described as diametrically\nmagnetised when their direction of magnetism is parallel to the diameter of the\nmagnet, rather than perpendicular to the flat faces of the cylinder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Direction of magnetisation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnets can be specified and ordered to be magnetised across any axis, allowing them to be used to different effect. The direction of magnetism determines which side of the magnet the north and south poles appear.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Electromagnet<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Unlike permanent magnets, the magnetic field exerted by an\nelectromagnet is produced by the flow of electric current. The magnetic field\ndisappears when the current is turned off.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

F<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ferromagnetism<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ferromagnetism is the strongest form of magnetism and is the\nonly form that creates forces so strong that they can be noticed by human\nhands. A ferromagnetic substance is strongly attracted by a magnet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flux<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetic flux is the number of lines of magnetism travelling\nfrom a magnetic pole. The CGS unit of measurement for \u2018flux\u2019 is Maxwells and\nthe SI unit is Webers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flux density<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flux density describes the number of lines of magnetism in each square centimetre of pole area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Gauss<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Named after the famous German mathematician and physicist\nCarl Friedrich Gauss, the Gauss is a unit of measurement for magnetic flux\ndensity. 1,000 Gauss is 1,000 lines of magnetism in each cm2 of pole area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gauss meter<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A gauss meter is used to measure the flux density (Gauss) of a magnet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Homogeneous field<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A homogenous magnetic field is one where the lines of the magnetic field are uniform, creating an equal force\/current in all places within the field.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hysteresis loop<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A four-quadrant graph, showing magnetising force relative to the resultant magnetisation of a permanent magnet material as it is successively magnetised to its saturation point, then demagnetised, magnetised in the reverse polar direction and then finally re-magnetised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Induction, (B)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetic induction, also known as flux density is the number\nof lines of magnetism in each square centimetre of pole area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Intrinsic coercivity (Hci)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

If the coercivity of a magnet is the force required to\ncancel out a saturated magnet\u2019s magnetic field, the intrinsic coercivity is the\nforce required to permanently demagnetise a magnet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Isotropic<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A magnet made of magnetically isotropic material has no preferred direction of magnetism and has the same properties along either axis. During manufacture, isotropic material can be manipulated so that the magnetic field is applied in any direction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Keeper<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A keeper is a steel bar or disc placed between and attached\nto opposite poles of a magnet to allow all the magnetism to flow from one pole\nto the other. The keepered magnet will appear completely non-magnetic until the\nkeeper is removed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Magnetic axis<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In an anisotropic magnet, all of the magnet’s magnetic domains are aligned to face the same way. The line of direction that the domains follow is called the magnetic axis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetic circuit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

All magnetism flows from north to south and a magnetic circuit is a journey that it takes to get from north to south.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetic field strength (H-field)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetic field strength is the measure of a magnetising\nfield originating from an electrical current or a permanent magnet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetic induction (B-field)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetic induction, also known as flux density is the number\nof lines of magnetism in each square centimetre of pole area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetisation (M)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetisation refers to an object producing a magnetic\nfield.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetised<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A material or magnet is defined as magnetised when it exerts a magnetic field, either because of its interaction with an electromagnet or another permanent magnet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetomotive force (mmf)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Magnetomotive force is the magnetic field produced by a coil\nof wire when current is passed through it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Material<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The term material refers to the physical composition of a\nmagnet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maximum energy product (BHmax)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The maximum energy product of a magnet is measured in\n\u2018Mega-Gauss Oersteds\u2019 (MGOe). Known as the maximum energy product value, this\nis the primary indicator of a magnet\u2019s \u2018strength\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maximum Operating Temperature (Tmax)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The maximum operating temperature is exactly as it sounds, it represents the maximum temperature that a particular grade that a magnet will be able to function at before it becomes permanently demagnetised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Oersted<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Oersted (Oe) is a measure of magnetic field strength and\nis closely related to the Gauss measurement for flux density and is used to measure\nexternal electromagnetic forces usually produced in magnetisers and\ndemagnetisers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Open circuit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A magnet is said to be in an open circuit when it is not attached to any other ferrous material, meaning that its lines of magnetic flux make their way from the north pole to the south pole through the air alone, rather than through a ferromagnetic material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Permeability<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some materials, when placed inside a magnetic field, become\nmagnetised themselves. The permeability of a magnetic substance represents the\nincrease or decrease of the magnetic field inside the substance compared to the\nmagnetising field that the substance is located within.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Permanent magnet<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A permanent magnet is a solid material that produces its own\nconsistent magnetic field because the material is magnetised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plating<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plating is another term for coating. Platings or coatings\nare applied to raw neodymium magnets to prevent corrosion and demagnetisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pole<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The pole of a magnet is the area of a magnet which has the\ngreatest magnetic field strength in a given direction. Each pole is either\nnorth facing or south facing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pull-gap curve<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A pull-gap curve plots the \u2018pulling power\u2019 of a magnet in\ndirect contact with a thick and flat piece of steel and then though a steadily\nincreasing range of air gaps. Pull follows an inverse square law relationship\nwith distance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pull strength<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The pull strength is the highest possible holding power of a magnet, measured in kilograms. It is the force required to prise a magnet away from a flat surface of steel when the magnet and metals have full and direct surface-to-surface contact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Remanence (Br)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Remanence is described as the magnetism that is left in a\nmagnet, after the removal of the external magnetic force applied to magnetise\nit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Repelling<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

When two magnets are placed close together with the same\npoles facing each other, e.g. north facing north or south facing south, they\nwill always repel one another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Stacking<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stacking refers to the process of placing magnets together\nto increase the net pull strength.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Surface Field \/ surface gauss<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The surface field strength is measured in Gauss and is the\nmagnet\u2019s maximum field strength taken from the magnet\u2019s pole surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Temperature coefficient (T)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temperature coefficient is a factor that is used to\ncalculate the decrease in magnetic flux corresponding to an increase in\noperating temperature.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tesla (T)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Tesla is a unit of measurement for magnetic flux\ndensity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thread<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some magnets are manufactured to include a thread for fixing\nin their applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Weight<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Weight refers to the weight of one single magnet made of\nmagnetic material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Over 50 magnet-related technical terms defined in one place and organised A-Z. Learn more.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":971,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[149,37,56,41],"class_list":["post-246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-frequently-asked-questions","tag-glossary","tag-magnet","tag-magnet-expert","tag-magnetics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=246"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":972,"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246\/revisions\/972"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/971"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.magnetexpert.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}